Emergency re‐admissions to hospital due to adverse drug reactions within 1 year of the index admission

Article date: November 2010

By: Emma C. Davies, Christopher F. Green, David R. Mottram, Philip H. Rowe, Munir Pirmohamed, in Volume 70, Issue 5, pages 749-755

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT

AIM

The proportion of re‐admissions to hospital caused by ADRs is poorly documented in the UK. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ADRs on re‐admission to hospital after a period as an inpatient.

METHODS

One thousand patients consecutively admitted to 12 wards were included. All subsequent admissions for this cohort within 1 year of discharge from the index admission were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS

Of the 1000 patients included, 403 (40.3%, 95% CI 39.1, 45.4%) were re‐admitted within 1 year. Complete data were available for 290 (70.2%) re‐admitted patients, with an ADR contributing to admission in 60 (20.8%, 95% CI 16.4, 25.6%) patients. Presence of an ADR in the index admission did not predict for an ADR‐related re‐admission (10.5% vs. 7.2%, P = 0.25), or re‐admission overall (47.2% vs. 41.2%, P = 0.15). The implicated drug was commenced in the index admission in 33/148 (22.3%) instances, with 37/148 (25%) commenced elsewhere since the index admission. Increasing age and an index admission in a medical ward were associated with a higher incidence of re‐admission ADR. The most frequent causative drugs were anti‐platelets and loop diuretics, with bleeding and renal impairment the most frequent ADRs. Over half (52/91, 57.1%) of the ADRs were judged to be definitely or possibly avoidable.

CONCLUSIONS

One fifth of patients re‐admitted to hospital within 1 year of discharge from their index admission are re‐admitted due to an ADR. Our data highlight drug and patient groups where interventions are needed to reduce the incidence of ADRs leading to re‐admission.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03751.x

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