Article date: September 2017
By: Javier Gorricho, Javier Garjón, Alvaro Alonso, María Concepción Celaya, Luis Carlos Saiz, Juan Erviti, Antonio López in Volume 83, Issue 9, pages 2034-2044
Aims
To evaluate the association between use of different oral antidiabetic agents (OAD) and the risk of community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with type‐2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods
Case–control study nested in a cohort of patients with T2DM and use of OAD between 2002 and 2013, based in a Spanish general practice research database. Cases were people diagnosed with T2DM, aged >18 years and with a validated diagnosis of CAP between 2002 and 2013. Ten controls were matched on age, sex and calendar year. Odds ratio (OR) of CAP was estimated comparing patients treated with: (1) metformin vs. other monotherapies or no antidiabetic treatment; (2) metformin + sulfonylureas vs. other antidiabetic combinations. OR of CAP was also assessed according to antidiabetic treatment duration.
Results
From a cohort of 76 009 T2DM patients, we identified 1803 cases of CAP. No difference in the incidence of CAP was observed when comparing any OAD in monotherapy with metformin. Compared with current use of metformin + sulfonylurea, thiazolidinediones + metformin was associated with an increased risk of CAP (adjusted OR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.40–4.38). The use of any combination with thiazolidinediones was also associated with higher risk of CAP (adjusted OR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.22–3.28). Current use of DPP‐4 inhibitors was not associated with an increased risk of CAP.
Conclusions
No differences in the incidence of CAP were observed between the use of OAD in monotherapy vs. metformin. Thiazolidinedione use in combination was associated with an increase in the risk of CAP when compared to metformin + sulfonylureas. The use of DPP‐4 inhibitors was not associated with an increased risk of CAP.
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13288
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