British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - Volume 73 Issue 1 (January 2012)

1. Antidepressants and the developing nervous system

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 1-3

2. Editors' pick 2011

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 4-8

3. Tolvaptan

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 9-11

4. e‐SPC – delivering drug information in the 21st century: developing new approaches to deliver drug information to prescribers

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 12-15

5. Disturbed development of the enteric nervous system after in utero exposure of selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. Part 1: Literature review

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 16-26

The increase in selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitor (SSRI) use during pregnancy, questions concerning abnormal development of the enteric nervous system (ENS), increase in laxative use in children and the association of fluoxetine with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) gave rise to this pharmacological literature review. The role of 5‐HT and the NE uptake in ontogeny of the ENS and the effects SSRIs and TCAs might have on...

6. Therapeutic drug monitoring of antimicrobials

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 27-36

Optimizing the prescription of antimicrobials is required to improve clinical outcome from infections and to reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance. One such method to improve antimicrobial dosing in individual patients is through application of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The aim of this manuscript is to review the place of TDM in the dosing of antimicrobial agents, specifically the importance of pharmacokinetics (PK)...

7. Intradermal capsaicin as a neuropathic pain model in patients with unilateral sciatica

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 37-45

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • The intradermal capsaicin model of neuropathic pain has been previously developed and used in healthy volunteers. • Few previous studies have used this model in pain patients. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS • We have compared the response to intradermal capsaicin in the painful and nonpainful legs of...

8. Single dose pharmacokinetics of the transdermal rotigotine patch in patients with impaired renal function

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 46-54

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • The transdermal dopamine agonist rotigotine has been shown to be an efficacious and well tolerated treatment for Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome in clinical trials. • The prevalence of Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome increases with age. • Renal function deteriorates...

9. Influence of methotrexate on infliximab pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in ankylosing spondylitis

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 55-65

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • Infliximab pharmacokinetics in ankylosing spondylitis has been described but using sparce data. • A previous work suggests that infliximab concentrations influence clinical response in ankylosing spondylitis, but the infliximab concentration–effect relationship is not known in this disease. ...

10. The population pharmacokinetics of R ‐ and S ‐warfarin: effect of genetic and clinical factors

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 66-76

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • A number of pharmacokinetic studies have focused on S‐warfarin. These have shown that demographic factors, such as bodyweight, genetic factors, such as CYP2C9 genotype, and interacting medicines, particularly amiodarone, contribute to the interindividual estimates of clearance. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS • This study...

11. Use of modelling and simulation techniques to support decision making on the progression of PF‐04878691, a TLR7 agonist being developed for hepatitis C

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 77-92

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • While several clinical studies have been published on toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists, there is no information on the quantitative link between 2′,5′‐oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) and antiviral efficacy (viral load). WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS • This study provides the only quantitative dynamic...

12. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics following maintenance doses of prasugrel and clopidogrel in Chinese carriers of CYP2C19 variants

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 93-105

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT Observations from clinical studies have demonstrated that: • CYP2C19 genotype does not have a clinically relevant effect on active metabolite concentrations or platelet inhibition in prasugrel‐treated subjects. • Variability of response to clopidogrel is related to the presence of reduced function...

13. High dose methotrexate chemotherapy: pharmacokinetics, folate and toxicity in osteosarcoma patients

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 106-114

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • High dose methotrexate (HD MTX) is generally well tolerated, although unpredictable acute toxicities occur frequently. • Low overall toxicity in paediatric patients and increased liver toxicity in adults has been reported, but there are no reports addressing the relationship between acute liver toxicity and gender in patients treated with HD...

14. Physicians' reported needs of drug information at point of care in Sweden

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 115-125

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • The computerization of health care has increased dramatically in the last decades in most European countries, but no standardization of any of the information support systems has been established on common ground. • The Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) is available all over Europe in written form and in some of the...

15. Disturbed development of the enteric nervous system after in utero exposure of selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. Part 2: Testing the hypotheses

Date: Dec 08, 2011, Pages: 126-134

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • Antidepressant use has increased in the last decade. Several studies have suggested a possible association between maternal antidepressant use and teratogenic effects. In a review of the pharmacologic literature we showed that antidepressant exposure might disturb the development of the enteric nervous system. ...